Figure 1. Structure of a fire alarm system whose network for the fire detectors is based on a double ring topology. The audible alarms (sounders), on the other hand, operate in a star network topology.
Figure 1. Power rail voltages and tolerances required by ICs continue to decrease. These dynamics challenge traditional oscilloscope measurement approaches as the noise of the scope and probe system impairs the ability to make accurate measurements of small signals.
Figure 1. Extending the frequency and voltage range of a probe requires a front-end network of resistors and capacitors.
